fix(security): [CRITICAL] resolve Denial of Service (DoS) via memory exhaustion in automaton builders

[Tugamer89]

Severity: CRITICAL
Vulnerability: Denial of Service (DoS) via memory exhaustion in automaton builders. The AbstractAutomatonBuilder allowed an unbounded number of states to be added, leading to potential OutOfMemoryError and application crashes when constructing overly large or malicious automata.
Impact: An attacker or malicious input could cause the system to allocate massive amounts of memory for states, leading to application downtime.
Fix: Introduced a MAX_STATES limit (10000) in AbstractAutomatonBuilder.java and enforced it inside the addState method. A descriptive IllegalStateException is thrown when the limit is exceeded.
Verification: Added testAddState_ExceedsMaxStates in AbstractAutomatonBuilderTest.java to verify that attempting to add more than 10000 states securely throws an IllegalStateException. Ran mvn test and mvn spotless:apply to ensure functionality and formatting.

---

PR created automatically by Jules for task 16975968773069851637 started by @Tugamer89

[google-labs-jules]

👋 Jules, reporting for duty! I'm here to lend a hand with this pull request.

When you start a review, I'll add a 👀 emoji to each comment to let you know I've read it. I'll focus on feedback directed at me and will do my best to stay out of conversations between you and other bots or reviewers to keep the noise down.

I'll push a commit with your requested changes shortly after. Please note there might be a delay between these steps, but rest assured I'm on the job!

For more direct control, you can switch me to Reactive Mode. When this mode is on, I will only act on comments where you specifically mention me with @jules. You can find this option in the Pull Request section of your global Jules UI settings. You can always switch back!

New to Jules? Learn more at jules.google/docs.

---

For security, I will only act on instructions from the user who triggered this task.

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
83.3% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud